Magnetic Resonance Imaging plays a significant role in the diagnosis and evaluation of glioblastoma, which is considered one of the most aggressive and malignant primary brain tumors in adults. Glioblastoma is characterized by rapid growth, infiltrative behavior, necrosis, vascular proliferation, and poor prognosis. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for treatment planning, surgical intervention, and patient management. MRI has emerged as the gold standard imaging modality for brain tumor assessment because of its superior soft tissue contrast, multiplanar imaging capability, and detailed anatomical visualization.

The present review paper focuses on the role of MRI in the diagnosis of glioblastoma by analyzing findings from previously published literature. Approximately 30–40 research articles, review papers, and clinical studies were reviewed to understand MRI features, advanced imaging techniques, diagnostic accuracy, and clinical significance in glioblastoma evaluation. The review included studies related to conventional MRI sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging, perfusion MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional MRI, and contrast-enhanced imaging.

The reviewed literature demonstrated that glioblastoma commonly appears as an irregular, heterogeneous mass lesion with central necrosis, surrounding edema, and contrast enhancement on MRI. Advanced MRI techniques were found to improve tumor characterization, differentiate glioblastoma from other intracranial lesions, and assess tumor progression and recurrence. MRI also contributes significantly to treatment planning, biopsy guidance, postoperative evaluation, and prognosis assessment.