Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, cognition, behavior, and daily functioning. It is the most common cause of dementia among elderly individuals and represents a major global healthcare challenge due to its increasing prevalence and impact on patients, caregivers, and healthcare systems. The disease is characterized by gradual cognitive decline, memory impairment, emotional disturbances, behavioral changes, and loss of independence. Understanding Alzheimer’s disease requires not only a clinical perspective but also a psychological understanding of its effects on mental health, emotional well-being, and quality of life.

The present review paper aims to explore Alzheimer’s disease through psychological and clinical perspectives by analyzing findings from previously published literature. Approximately 30–40 research articles, review papers, and clinical studies were reviewed to understand the pathophysiology, risk factors, cognitive symptoms, psychological manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The review highlights the importance of early diagnosis, neuropsychological assessment, behavioral evaluation, and multidisciplinary management in improving patient care.