Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major obstetric complication that poses significant risks to both the mother and the fetus. PIH affects approximately 5-10% of pregnancies worldwide and is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Color Doppler ultrasonography has emerged as a valuable non-invasive tool for assessing blood flow in various maternal and fetal vessels during pregnancy. The integration of Doppler ultrasonography findings from the uterine artery, umbilical artery, and MCA provides a comprehensive assessment of the fetal condition in PIH.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of Doppler ultrasound in managing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) by analyzing blood flow in the uterine artery, umbilical artery, and middle cerebral artery.

Methods: This cross sectional study conducted for 2 years from September 2022 to August 2024 included 75 pregnant women diagnosed with PIH. A high-resolution Duplex Doppler sonography study using GE LOGIQ P9 ultrasound machines with 5-13MHz linear transducer was done. The first scan was performed in each cases, as soon as the patient was registered in order to avoid any influence of treatment on Doppler sonogram. The gestational age was confirmed by menstrual history and ultrasound examination and was followed by color Doppler examination for identification of the uterine artery, flow velocity waveforms from umbilical artery and MCA were done. The data was collected and compiled in MS Excel. Descriptive statistics has been used to present the data. To analyse the data SPSS (Version 26.0) was used. Significance level was fixed as 5% (α = 0.05). Qualitative variables are expressed as frequency and percentages and Quantitative variables are expressed as Mean and Standard Deviation. To compare the proportion between variables, chi-square test was used.

Results: Among the 75 pregnant women with PIH, the majority of deliveries were induced (49.3%), followed by elective (17.3%) and emergency (16.0%) cesarean sections. A high percentage (65.3%) of participants exhibited abnormal uterine artery Doppler results, with a mean systolic-diastolic ratio of 2.51 and a mean resistance index of 0.58. Umbilical artery Doppler showed abnormalities in 49.3% of cases, with mean pulsatility and resistance indices of 1.32 and 0.68, respectively. Middle cerebral artery Doppler abnormalities were present in 54.7% of participants, with mean pulsatility and resistance indices of 1.33 and 0.72, respectively.